Encrypting Harddrives with TrueCrypt

**SketchyAlt** · 02-26-2012

TrueCrypt

Main Features:

Creates a virtual encrypted disk within a file and mounts it as a real disk.
Encrypts an entire partition or storage device such as USB flash drive or hard drive.
Encrypts a partition or drive where Windows is installed (Pre-Boot Authentication).
Encryption is automatic, real-time (on-the-fly) and transparent.
Parallelization and Pipelining allow data to be read and written as fast as if the drive was not encrypted.
Encryption can be Hardware-Accelerated on modern processors.
Provides Plausible Deniability, in case an adversary forces you to reveal the password:
Hidden Volume (steganography) and Hidden Operating System.

More information about the features of TrueCrypt may be found in the Documentation.

Beginner's Tutorial

How to Create and Use a TrueCrypt Container

Step 1:

If you have not done so, download and install TrueCrypt. Then launch TrueCrypt by double-clicking the file TrueCrypt.exe or by clicking the TrueCrypt shortcut in your Windows Start menu.

Step 2:

The main TrueCrypt window should appear. Click Create Volume (marked with a red rectangle for clarity).

Step 3:

The TrueCrypt Volume Creation Wizard window should appear.

In this step you need to choose where you wish the TrueCrypt volume to be created. A TrueCrypt volume can reside in a file, which is also called container, in a partition or drive. In this tutorial, we will choose the first option and create a TrueCrypt volume within a file.

As the option is selected by default, you can just click Next.

Note: In the following steps, the screenshots will show only the right-hand part of the Wizard window.

Step 4:

In this step you need to choose whether to create a standard or hidden TrueCrypt volume. In this tutorial, we will choose the former option and create a standard TrueCrypt volume.

As the option is selected by default, you can just click Next.

Step 5:

In this step you have to specify where you wish the TrueCrypt volume (file container) to be created. Note that a TrueCrypt container is just like any normal file. It can be, for example, moved or deleted as any normal file. It also needs a filename, which you will choose in the next step.

Click Select File.

The standard Windows file selector should appear (while the window of the TrueCrypt Volume Creation Wizard remains open in the background).

Step 6:

In this tutorial, we will create our TrueCrypt volume in the folder D:\My Documents\ and the filename of the volume (container) will be My Volume (as can be seen in the screenshot above). You may, of course, choose any other filename and location you like (for example, on a USB memory stick). Note that the file My Volume does not exist yet – TrueCrypt will create it.

IMPORTANT: Note that TrueCrypt will not encrypt any existing files (when creating a TrueCrypt file container). If you select an existing file in this step, it will be overwritten and replaced by the newly created volume (so the overwritten file will be lost, not encrypted). You will be able to encrypt existing files (later on) by moving them to the TrueCrypt volume that we are creating now.*

Select the desired path (where you wish the container to be created) in the file selector.

Type the desired container filename in the File name box.

Click Save.

The file selector window should disappear.

In the following steps, we will return to the TrueCrypt Volume Creation Wizard.

* Note that after you copy existing unencrypted files to a TrueCrypt volume, you should securely erase (wipe) the original unencrypted files. There are software tools that can be used for the purpose of secure erasure (many of them are free).

Step 7:

In the Volume Creation Wizard window, click Next.

Step 8:

Here you can choose an encryption algorithm and a hash algorithm for the volume. If you are not sure what to select here, you can use the default settings and click Next (for more information, see chapters Encryption Algorithms and Hash Algorithms).

Step 9:

Here we specify that we wish the size of our TrueCrypt container to be 1MB. You may, of course, specify a different size. After you type the desired size in the input field (marked with a red rectangle), click Next.

Step 10:

This is one of the most important steps. Here you have to choose a good volume password.

Read carefully the information displayed in the Wizard window about what is considered a good password.

I recommend Sketchy's Password Generator. It is attached to the thread.

After you choose a good password, type it in the first input field. Then re-type it in the input field below the first one and click Next.

Note: The button Next will be disabled until passwords in both input fields are the same.

Step 11:

Move your mouse as randomly as possible within the Volume Creation Wizard window at least for 30 seconds. The longer you move the mouse, the better. This significantly increases the cryptographic strength of the encryption keys (which increases security).

Click Format.

Volume creation should begin. TrueCrypt will now create a file called My Volume in the folder D:\My Documents\ (as we specified in Step 6). This file will be a TrueCrypt container (it will contain the encrypted TrueCrypt volume). Depending on the size of the volume, the volume creation may take a long time. After it finishes, the following dialog box will appear:

Click OK to close the dialog box.

Step 12:

We have just successfully created a TrueCrypt volume (file container).

In the TrueCrypt Volume Creation Wizard window, click Exit.

The Wizard window should disappear.

In the remaining steps, we will mount the volume we just created. We will return to the main TrueCrypt window (which should still be open, but if it is not, repeat Step 1 to launch TrueCrypt and then continue from Step 13.)

Step 13:

Select a drive letter from the list (marked with a red rectangle). This will be the drive letter to which the TrueCrypt container will be mounted.

Note: In this tutorial, we chose the drive letter M, but you may of course choose any other available drive letter.

Step 14:

Click Select File.

The standard file selector window should appear.

Step 15:

In the file selector, browse to the container file (which we created in Steps 6-11) and select it.

Click Open (in the file selector window).

The file selector window should disappear.

In the following steps, we will return to the main TrueCrypt window.

Step 16:

In the main TrueCrypt window, click Mount.

Password prompt dialog window should appear.

Step 17:

Type the password (which you specified in Step 10) in the password input field (marked with a red rectangle).

Step 18:

Click OK in the password prompt window.

TrueCrypt will now attempt to mount the volume. If the password is incorrect (for example, if you typed it incorrectly), TrueCrypt will notify you and you will need to repeat the previous step (type the password again and click OK). If the password is correct, the volume will be mounted.

Final Step:

We have just successfully mounted the container as a virtual disk M:

The virtual disk is entirely encrypted (including file names, allocation tables, free space, etc.) and behaves like a real disk. You can save (or copy, move, etc.) files to this virtual disk and they will be encrypted on the fly as they are being written.

If you open a file stored on a TrueCrypt volume, for example, in media player, the file will be automatically decrypted to RAM (memory) on-the-fly while it is being read.

Important: Note that when you open a file stored on a TrueCrypt volume (or when you write/copy a file to/from the TrueCrypt volume) you will not be asked to enter the password again. You need to enter the correct password only when mounting the volume.

You can open the mounted volume, for example, by double-clicking the item marked with a red rectangle in the screenshot above.

You can also browse to the mounted volume the way you normally browse to any other types of volumes. For example, by opening the 'Computer' (or 'My Computer') list and double clicking the corresponding drive letter (in this case, it is the letter M).

You can copy files (or folders) to and from the TrueCrypt volume just as you would copy them to any normal disk (for example, by simple drag-and-drop operations). Files that are being read or copied from the encrypted TrueCrypt volume are automatically decrypted on the fly in RAM (memory). Similarly, files that are being written or copied to the TrueCrypt volume are automatically encrypted on the fly in RAM (right before they are written to the disk).

Note that TrueCrypt never saves any decrypted data to a disk – it only stores them temporarily in RAM (memory). Even when the volume is mounted, data stored in the volume is still encrypted. When you restart Windows or turn off your computer, the volume will be dismounted and all files stored on it will be inaccessible (and encrypted). Even when power supply is suddenly interrupted (without proper system shut down), all files stored on the volume will be inaccessible (and encrypted). To make them accessible again, you have to mount the volume. To do so, repeat Steps 13-18.

If you want to close the volume and make files stored on it inaccessible, either restart your operating system or dismount the volume. To do so, follow these steps:

Select the volume from the list of mounted volumes in the main TrueCrypt window (marked with a red rectangle in the screenshot above) and then click Dismount (also marked with a red rectangle in the screenshot above). To make files stored on the volume accessible again, you will have to mount the volume. To do so, repeat Steps 13-18.

Important: We strongly recommend that you also read the other chapters of the documentation, as they contain important information that has been omitted in this tutorial for simplicity.

The documentation can be found Here