Minecraft general information

survival
Surviving may/may not be an issue depending on the location.
Desert biome: Chances of running into skeletons a lot, zombies and endermen.
Swamp biome: Chances of running into slimes, skeletons, and zombies.
Plains: Open space that can be filled with all sorts of hostile mobs.
Cave: Did I mention how dark the place is?
Abandoned Mineshaft: Cave Spiders, Skeletons, and Zombies rule this place.
Nether: No one in their right mind would make a base camp here, as there are blazes, wither skeletons, ghasts, magma cubes and zombie pigmen littered all over the place.
The End: You've got to be kidding me...

Crafting

Crafting is simple business with your hand and a crafting table. You can craft anything using the 3x3 empty slots provided. I'll give you links to basic items you can craft later on. Am not currently near my computer

Hostile Mobs
There are certain mobs in the game that you must be careful of.
Zombie: The generic hostile mob. Zombies will slowly walk towards you and attack you upon impact.
Skeleton: The first ranged hostile mob in Minecraft, they attack with their bows.
Spider: Spiders are neutral in the daytime, but are hostile at night. They pounce on you when close enough.
Slime:Hostile mobs that slowly move towards a player and pounce them.
Zombie Pigman: Much like zombies, but much more dangerous. If you provoke one, nearby zombie pigmen will attack as well. If not properly armed, you're dead.
Ghast: The first ever flying mob in the game. Once you're in range, they will spit fireballs at you. Once hit, you will be set on fire for a while.
Blazes: Similar to ghasts, but with a more irregular floating pattern. They will look as if they were set on fire when they plan to shoot fireballs.
Wither Skeleton: Similar to normal skeletons, but weilding swords and inflicting the Wither status when it attacks the player. When that happens, your health bar will be black and you will suffer considerable damage over time.
Enderman: Tall, dark beings that will attack when provoked or when looked at. They can carry blocks and can teleport when attacked.
Silverfish: The smallest mob in the game. They spawn from stone blocks and will attack the player on sight.
Magma Cube: See "Slime".
Creeper: The most infamous mob in the game. Once you're in range, they will come close to you and do a suicide-bomber styled explosion. It kills the creeper and nothing will drop.
Witch: Spawns in witch huts. Will throw 4 different types of potions at you when in range.

Seeds
A seed is a set of numbers that can generate a map. Depending on what type of map you want, you'll have to look for a certain seed.