I have a $500-600 build for you, it is as follows:
CPU: Intel Core i5-4690K 3.5GHz Quad-Core Processor
Motherboard: ASRock H81M-HDS Micro ATX LGA1150 Motherboard
RAM: G.Skill Ripjaws X Series 8GB (2 x 4GB) DDR3-1600 Memory
Storage: Seagate Barracuda 1TB 3.5" 7200RPM Internal Hard Drive
Graphics Card: Asus GeForce GTX 760 2GB DirectCU II Video Card
Case: Enermax ECA3253-BW ATX Mid Tower Case
Power Supply: Corsair CX 430W 80+ Bronze Certified Semi-Modular ATX Power Supply
Optical Drive: Asus DRW-24B1ST/BLK/B/AS DVD/CD Writer
Operating System: This is all personal preference and what you know the most, but either Microsoft Windows 7 Ultimate Full (32/64-bit) or Windows 8.1 (32/64) would do.