So a lot of the claims in this thread are useless pieces of garbage people constantly throw around. Contrary to popular belief in the game hacking community, C++ is not the end all programming language. For example, if you want to do concurrent programming languages like Clojure or Erlang are built around this paradigm. If your code does heavy matrix lifting then a language like MATLAB will be very useful. If you want to write a compiler, languages like OCAML/ML are more suitable for your task. How does this apply to game hacking? One example would be in coding a UI. Creating a UI in C/C++ is a pain in the ass, and I for one would much rather use a RAD programming language to write one instead. There are many other cases and it really depends on your goal, i.e. this is a case by case scenario.
A lot of times people claim that C++ is faster. There are two issues with this claim. The first is that you shouldn't even be worrying about speed, if you do, this is what we like to call
premature optimization. The second issue is that most of the time, the thoughtless code produced in the game hacking community is in fact not optimized at all. Sure you can get to the nitty gritty in C++ (and arguably assembly) but if your algorithm is shitty, the use of lower level languages will not save you. In fact a direct port of your algorithm to a language that is supported by a JIT compiler will oftentimes run faster due to JIT optimization.
There was a claim earlier in this thread that somehow C++ made things easier and more efficient. That is simply not the case. C++ is hard. Sure its easy to write shitty functional (not the paradigm) code, but it isn't really "C++". At best most of the code written by a majority of the game hacking community is what people like to call "C with Classes". To move to a more abstract programming concept such as OOP (C++ is not an object oriented language, it is a multiparadigm language but that is a whole different can of worms) is actually intuitively harder than say programming in an imperative language like C. When I mean harder I mean harder to design code, which is different than simply writing shoddy pieced together code.
Learning how to program isn't hard. It will not take you years especially if you have the aptitude (which many people don't seem to have). If you are serious about your endeavors it is possible to write what you want within less than a year. I think the main issues why game hacking entry programmers have a hard time is that they aren't serious about their goal, they haven't wrapped their mind on how to think like a programmer (logic), and they aren't resourceful. The first issue is simply because you aren't ready. I was introduced to programming at a young age and I quickly dropped it. It was only until a genuine interest showed up was I able to truly learn. The second point is remedied by simply programming. The third issue is the most grievous one. Most of your problems can be solved if you just google. Almost all of your answers are out there and unless you're doing template metaprogramming and the compiler gives you some convoluted error, most of the errors can be resolved by googling or stepping through a debugger. I learned assembly in less than a month.
TL;DR: People don't know what they're talking about and its possible to achieve your goal in less than a year if you're serious.